Journal of Electron Microscopy 48(5): 495-502 (1999)
© 1999 Oxford University Press
Novel phenomena of irradiation damage in FCC metals irradiated with high-energy electrons at low temperatures
1Department of Physics, Hyogo University of Teacher Education Yashiro, Hyogo 673-1494, Japan
2Max-Planck Institut fär Metallforschung Heisenbergstrasse 1, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany
*To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: niwase{at}sci.hyogo-u.ac.jp
Novel phenomena in surface physics and the behaviour of stacking fault tetrahedra (SFT) generated in electron irradiation of the face-centred-cubic (FCC) metals Au, Ag and Cu at low temperatures, which have been found recently with HRTEM in Stuttgart, are summarized. The novel phenomenon on the bottom surface, viz, the formation of aligned nanogrooves and deep nanoholes, was first found for thin (001) gold foils irradiated with high doses of 3601250 keV electrons at temperatures of about 100 K. The pattern depends both on the surface orientation and irradiation direction. The patterns of nanogrooves on silver and copper surfaces, on the other hand, are rather different from that of gold. Also interesting phenomena on the behaviour of SFT were found for these metals irradiated with 1.25 MeV electrons at temperatures between 110 and 350 K. In both Cu and Ag, after prolonged irradiation, voids appear close to SFT formed earlier. For Au a cooperative collapse of SFT lattices to large loops was found.
Keywords TEM, nanohole, self-organization, SFT, voids, FCC metals
Received 16 October 1998, accepted 13 April 1999