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Journal of Electron Microscopy 52(6): 573-580 (2003)
© Japanese Society of Microscopy

Full-length paper

Possible role of dentin matrix in region-specific deposition of cellular and acellular extrinsic fibre cementum

Yoshiro Takano1,*, Hideo Sakai1, Eiko Watanabe1, Noriko Ideguchi-Ohma1, Chantha K. Jayawardena2, Kazumi Arai1, Yukiyo Asawa1,3, Yukiko Nakano1, Yoko Shuda1, Yujiro Sakamoto1 and Tatsuo Terashima1

1 Division of Biostructural Science, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan, 2 Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka and 3 Division of Anatomy and Cell Biology of the Hard Tissue, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274 Gakkocho-dori, Niigata 951-8514, Japan

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: takanoy.bss{at}tmd.ac.jp

Abstract

The mechanism whereby a region-specific deposition of the two types of cementum (cellular cementum and acellular extrinsic fibre cementum) is regulated on the growing root surface was tested using bisphosphonate-affected teeth of young rats and guinea pigs. The animals were injected subcutaneously with 8 or 10 mg P · kg body weight-1 · day-1 of 1-hydroxyethylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate (HEBP) for 1 or 2 weeks. In rat molars, HEBP prevented mineralization of newly formed root dentin matrix and totally inhibited de novo deposition of acellular extrinsic fibre cementum. Instead, thick cellular cementum was induced on the non-mineralized root dentin surface, irrespective of the position of the root. In both animals, cellular cementum was also induced on the non-mineralized surface of root analogue dentin in HEBP-affected incisors, where only acellular extrinsic fibre cementum is deposited under normal conditions. In normal rat molars, dentin sialoprotein (DSP) was concentrated along the dentin–cellular cementum border, but not that of dentin and acellular extrinsic fibre cementum. In HEBP-affected rat incisors, DSP was shown to penetrate through the non-mineralized dentin into the surrounding tissues, but not through the mineralized portions. These data suggest that, at the site of cellular cementum formation, putative inducing factors for cellular cementum might diffuse into the periodontal space through the newly deposited mantle dentin matrix before it is mineralized. At earlier stages of root formation, mantle dentin might mineralize more promptly not to allow such diffusion. The timing of mineralization of mantle dentin matrix might be the key determinant of the types of the cementum deposited on the growing root surface.

Keywords     cellular cementum, acellular cementum, bisphosphonate, HEBP, DSP, dentin matrix

Received     10 August 2003, accepted 4 September 2003


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