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Journal of Electron Microscopy Advance Access published online on October 19, 2007
Journal of Electron Microscopy, doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfm015
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© The Author 2007. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Microscopy. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions.org

Formation of crystalline silicon in kaolinite by electron beam irradiation and in situ heating in the HVEM

Sujeong Lee1, Young-Min Kim2 and Youn-Joong Kim2,*

1 Minerals and Materials Processing Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources, Daejeon 305-350, Korea
2 Division of Electron Microscopic Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 305-333, Korea

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: y-jkim{at}kbsi.re.kr

Electron beam irradiation can change the bulk structure of a specimen permanently. The crystallizations of amorphous phases in the 900°C-heated kaolinite by electron beam irradiation and natural kaolinite by in situ heating are observed in a 1250 keV HVEM in this study. Crystalline silicon was formed in both cases. The lack of the parent structure and the aluminum loss are obstacles to the formation of the spinel-type phase. Amorphous silica is segregated instead and silicon crystals are progressively formed through Si--O bond breakage and Si--Si bond formation. Irradiation damage and element loss are considered to contribute to the crystallization of silicon under ultra high vacuum.

Keywords     electron beam irradiation, element loss, HVEM, in situ heating, kaolinite, silicon

Received     22 April 2007, accepted 20 June 2007


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