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Journal of Electron Microscopy Advance Access published online on May 21, 2009
Journal of Electron Microscopy, doi:10.1093/jmicro/dfp023
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Japanese Society of Microscopy. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations in G1/S phase-synchronized cells

Afadhali Denis Russa1,3, Chihaya Maesawa2 and Yoh-ichi Satoh1,*

1 Department of Anatomy (Cell Biology Group)
2 Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
3 Department of Anatomy and Histology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, School of Medicine, Dares Salaam, Tanzania

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: yisatoh{at}iwate-med.ac.jp

Ca2+ signaling controls a wide range of cellular functions such as division, fertilization, apoptosis and necrosis. Specifically, calcium signaling is thought to play a crucial role in driving cells through the different stages of the cell-division cycle. In most cells, however, this fact is far from being established. Few studies have examined this question from a different perspective: whether cells exhibit some characteristic cell cycle-dependent intracellular calcium-signaling patterns. This approach is effective in discerning the causal relationship between Ca2+ signaling and the cell cycle. Through synchronization of the cell cycle, flow cytometry and confocal scanning microscopic intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) imaging, the present study shows that the G1/S phase transition is uniquely characterized by spontaneous [Ca2+]i oscillations that last for up to 40 min. Most likely, these oscillations emanate from the [Ca2+]i signaling that accompanies DNA replication as the cell prepares for the next division cycle. These temporal signals further affirm the significance of Ca2+ in the cell cycle.

Keywords     confocal microscopy, [Ca2+]i, spontaneous oscillation, cell cycle

Received     15 October 2008, accepted 9 March 2009


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