Journal of Electron Microscopy 43(4): 190-197 (1994)
© 1994 Oxford University Press
Observation of Single Magnetic-Domain Particles by Electron Holographic Microscopy
Tonomura Electron Wavefront Project, ERATO, Research Development Corporation of Japan (JRDQ) P.O. Box 5, Hatoyama, Saltama, 350-03 Japan
Single magnetic-domain particles of barium ferrite and iron are directly observed by electron holographic microscopy. Holograms of barium ferrite particles about 1 µm in size are formed without using the objective lens but with controlling the intermediate lens. Holograms of iron particles with diameters of several tens of nanometers are also formed using a specially designed low magnetic-field pole piece. The phase distribution of the object electron wave is digitally reconstructed by the Fourier transform method and then converted to interference micrographs, in which magnetic flux lines are directly observed. Isolated barium ferrite particles in the single magnetic-domain state are observed in these interference micrographs directly. A string of iron particles in the single-domain state is also observed.
Keywords electron holographic microscopy, magnetic flux line, single magnetic-domain, barium ferrite, iron
Received 25 March 1994, accepted 22 June 1994